car info text service image
maeganana
any good sites or info you know to help???
Answer
the initial stages of the war many Cottesloe men volunteered for service in the various branches of the Australian Imperial Forces.
Some men, like Clyde Snook who was living on the edge of Cottesloe at the time and working in a local car manufacturing factory as a fitter and turner, would like to have volunteered. His wife Jane stubbornly refused to let him join up. He found himself out of work in early 1940 when the plant closed down due to shortages of car parts and materials. Clyde was able to find work at the Midland Railway workshops but the starting time at the workshops was very early so Clyde and his family moved out to Midland for the remainder of the war.
As it turned out, when the Curtin government introduced conscription in 1943, Clyde's job was designated a "reserved occupation" by the Minister for War Organisation of Industry. Had he tried signing up for the armed services, he would have been refused on the grounds that his skills were essential to the effective prosecution of the war on the homefront.
'Turning 6-inch practice shot - Midland Railway Workshops, October 1941
Courtesy West Australian News Ltd
The onset of the war had the effect of increasing employment and prosperity. New industries like munitions and aircraft manufacturing created employment. Other industries which converted to war production now operated longer hours and required more men. In 1940 and 1941, however, the economy was still taking up the slack from the depression and women could only get jobs after all men had been employed.
A visitor to Australia from South Africa, Mr Leslie Blackwell, commented in a letter to John Curtin in late 1941 that Australia was not making sufficient use of its vital resource - women. Curtin had only been Prime Minister for two months at this stage and his plans for 'Total War' were not as yet in place.
In early 1943 Curtin introduced conscription for men for overseas service and manpowered women to take their place in war industries.
Letter from Leslie Blackwell to PM Curtin, 10 Dec 1941 (p. 1)
Text version of whole letter
Courtesy National Archives of Australia
The manpowering of women changed the way of life of many women in Cottesloe. Young women, in particular, often found themselves doing jobs that they might otherwise not have chosen to do. The manpower directorate, under the Minister for Post-War Reconstruction, John Dedman, determined into which occupations women would go to serve the war effort. It also determined which occupations were 'reserved'.
Many Cottesloe women found themselves required to work in munitions factories in places like Welshpool and Midland. Sometimes in these jobs they were dealing with dangerous chemicals that posed serious risks to their health.
A woman operating a turning machine in a munitions factory, 1942.
Courtesy Australian War Memorial
Women from Cottesloe could also join the various women's services in order to contribute to the war effort. The Women's Royal Australian Navy Service (WRANS), the Women's Australian Auxillary Airforce (WAAAF) and the Australian Army Medical Women's Service (AAMWS) were just a few of these services.
Women took on driving taxis and became bus conductors. They even became mechanics in aircraft factories. They delivered morning bread and milk, drove ambulances and heavy vehicles.
John Curtin talking with a group of servicewomen, c 1942
JCPML00544/13. Courtesy National Library of Australia
Where women took the place of men in war industries they were paid close to men's wages, otherwise they were paid only 60% to 75% of men's wages.
The Curtin Labor government was criticised by women's organisations for not giving women equal pay, especially as it was part of the Labor Party platform.
The Women's Australian National Service was set up during the war by women to serve the war effort. This organization spawned the women's land army, without which farming would have been impossible during the war.
Letter from Federation of Women Voters to Curtin, 1 March 1942
Courtesy National Archives of Australia
The West Australian branch of this service was known as WANSLEA. Its brief was to provide short term house keeping assistance to women who were ill or confined and with no-one to care for their children. Many women who volunteered to assist at WANSLEA had day jobs. They would then come to the children's home to feed them their evening meal and later work in a canteen serving servicemen, followed by an evening out dancing entertaining other servicemen. WANSLEA was originally located in Perth but moved to Cottesloe in the post war years.
There was also a huge home industry in Cottesloe during the war. Cottesloe women knitted jumpers and socks for servicemen, made camouflage nets and helped make Red Cross parcels. They also helped fund raise for the war effort. Children were willing participants in all of the above activities. At home women could also do their part by recycling materials such as paper, rubber, food scraps, old clothes and blankets. Elsie Curtin set the example by living an austere way of life.
Women who served in WANSLEA, pictured in their working uniform - overalls.
Courtesy WANSLEA
Women in Cottesloe were extensively involved in the provision of various medical services during the war. The Defence Department had requisitioned a number of properties in the local area to be used as Red Cross Hospitals. When the Independent Order of Odd Fellows' (IOOF) orphanage closed it doors due to a lack of numbers, the Lady Mitchell Convalescent Home was set up on the site to provide medical care for convalescing servicemen and Italian POW's. The Ministering Children's League Home was turned over to the Red Cross for the duration of the war and provided employment mainly to women. Cottesloe women could also join the Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS) which provided clerical services including wireless and teleprinter operators. The Australian army had requisitioned premises in Cottelsoe which required clerical services such as these.
Both men and women workers, in Cottesloe, benefitted from changes that occurred during the war years. In 1941 workers were granted one week's paid leave on full pay and two and half days sick leave, on full pay, with a medical certificate. These improvements, however, were not matched by a rise in the basic wage. The case for an increase was held over in the Arbitration Commission because of the war.
post-war years brought important changes in employment for people living in Cottelsoe. In March 1946, nearly 9 months after the end of the war, manpower controls were lifted. Many Cottesloe women who had been working in factories found themselves out of a job as men returned from the front and took up positions they had had before the war or they found that their job no longer existed. This was a welcome release for many women.
How did women feel about leaving their jobs at the end of World War II?
Read some
quotes from WA women
Employers were obliged to give first preference to ex-servicemen whom they had employed before the war, as well as to disabled ex-servicemen, before they could employ anyone else. When the Curtin government began its post war planning in 1942 it made a commitment that people who had served in the armed forces would be adequately compensated for their war service and preference in employment was part of this . The government's Reconstruction and Training Program came into force prior to the end of the war and offered many opportunities for education and training to both male and female ex-service personnel.
Many servicemen and women returned from overseas unable to take up work due to wounds or illness. Anyone with a highly contagious disease such as TB had to endure quarantine at a country location like Northam for a further 12 months before they could resume their former life. Some servicemen and women spent their convalescence at one of the local hospitals like the Lady Mitchell Convalescent Home or the John Nicholson Convalescent Home, which had been specifically established during the war for sick and injured members of the armed services.
Extract from statement by the Minister for Post-war Reconstruction
on the re-establishment of members of the forces.
By 1946 the basic wage had risen to five pound and 5 shillings, an increase of nearly 25%.This was a welcome increase for many men because the cost of living was rising, pushed up by shortages and high demand. Housing costs especially, were rising faster than the cost of living. The Federal Government had done a good job of keeping inflation under control during the war using price and wages control but these controls could not continue indefinitely. Apart from the basic wage, a worker in Cottesloe could also now enjoy two weeks annual paid leave, double what he might have expected in 1942. A further improvement came in 1948 when the 40 hour working week was introduced. Skilled tradesmen like Clyde Snook were no longer required to work on Saturdays as part of their regular hours. Men could now take on more paid overtime or a second job, thus increasing their incomes.
While the basic wage was still fairly low in the post war years, professionals such as doctors, lawyers, architects and dentists living or working in the Cottsloe area were paid well above the basic wage. Nurses at Devonleigh Hospital and teachers at the two local state schools, though professionally trained were not well paid. Skilled tradesmen building houses in Cottesloe or working on the extension of the sewer system were paid well above the basic wage. Shop assistants at Freecorns and Macallisters in Napoleon Street received an income just above the basic wage as did unskilled worke
the initial stages of the war many Cottesloe men volunteered for service in the various branches of the Australian Imperial Forces.
Some men, like Clyde Snook who was living on the edge of Cottesloe at the time and working in a local car manufacturing factory as a fitter and turner, would like to have volunteered. His wife Jane stubbornly refused to let him join up. He found himself out of work in early 1940 when the plant closed down due to shortages of car parts and materials. Clyde was able to find work at the Midland Railway workshops but the starting time at the workshops was very early so Clyde and his family moved out to Midland for the remainder of the war.
As it turned out, when the Curtin government introduced conscription in 1943, Clyde's job was designated a "reserved occupation" by the Minister for War Organisation of Industry. Had he tried signing up for the armed services, he would have been refused on the grounds that his skills were essential to the effective prosecution of the war on the homefront.
'Turning 6-inch practice shot - Midland Railway Workshops, October 1941
Courtesy West Australian News Ltd
The onset of the war had the effect of increasing employment and prosperity. New industries like munitions and aircraft manufacturing created employment. Other industries which converted to war production now operated longer hours and required more men. In 1940 and 1941, however, the economy was still taking up the slack from the depression and women could only get jobs after all men had been employed.
A visitor to Australia from South Africa, Mr Leslie Blackwell, commented in a letter to John Curtin in late 1941 that Australia was not making sufficient use of its vital resource - women. Curtin had only been Prime Minister for two months at this stage and his plans for 'Total War' were not as yet in place.
In early 1943 Curtin introduced conscription for men for overseas service and manpowered women to take their place in war industries.
Letter from Leslie Blackwell to PM Curtin, 10 Dec 1941 (p. 1)
Text version of whole letter
Courtesy National Archives of Australia
The manpowering of women changed the way of life of many women in Cottesloe. Young women, in particular, often found themselves doing jobs that they might otherwise not have chosen to do. The manpower directorate, under the Minister for Post-War Reconstruction, John Dedman, determined into which occupations women would go to serve the war effort. It also determined which occupations were 'reserved'.
Many Cottesloe women found themselves required to work in munitions factories in places like Welshpool and Midland. Sometimes in these jobs they were dealing with dangerous chemicals that posed serious risks to their health.
A woman operating a turning machine in a munitions factory, 1942.
Courtesy Australian War Memorial
Women from Cottesloe could also join the various women's services in order to contribute to the war effort. The Women's Royal Australian Navy Service (WRANS), the Women's Australian Auxillary Airforce (WAAAF) and the Australian Army Medical Women's Service (AAMWS) were just a few of these services.
Women took on driving taxis and became bus conductors. They even became mechanics in aircraft factories. They delivered morning bread and milk, drove ambulances and heavy vehicles.
John Curtin talking with a group of servicewomen, c 1942
JCPML00544/13. Courtesy National Library of Australia
Where women took the place of men in war industries they were paid close to men's wages, otherwise they were paid only 60% to 75% of men's wages.
The Curtin Labor government was criticised by women's organisations for not giving women equal pay, especially as it was part of the Labor Party platform.
The Women's Australian National Service was set up during the war by women to serve the war effort. This organization spawned the women's land army, without which farming would have been impossible during the war.
Letter from Federation of Women Voters to Curtin, 1 March 1942
Courtesy National Archives of Australia
The West Australian branch of this service was known as WANSLEA. Its brief was to provide short term house keeping assistance to women who were ill or confined and with no-one to care for their children. Many women who volunteered to assist at WANSLEA had day jobs. They would then come to the children's home to feed them their evening meal and later work in a canteen serving servicemen, followed by an evening out dancing entertaining other servicemen. WANSLEA was originally located in Perth but moved to Cottesloe in the post war years.
There was also a huge home industry in Cottesloe during the war. Cottesloe women knitted jumpers and socks for servicemen, made camouflage nets and helped make Red Cross parcels. They also helped fund raise for the war effort. Children were willing participants in all of the above activities. At home women could also do their part by recycling materials such as paper, rubber, food scraps, old clothes and blankets. Elsie Curtin set the example by living an austere way of life.
Women who served in WANSLEA, pictured in their working uniform - overalls.
Courtesy WANSLEA
Women in Cottesloe were extensively involved in the provision of various medical services during the war. The Defence Department had requisitioned a number of properties in the local area to be used as Red Cross Hospitals. When the Independent Order of Odd Fellows' (IOOF) orphanage closed it doors due to a lack of numbers, the Lady Mitchell Convalescent Home was set up on the site to provide medical care for convalescing servicemen and Italian POW's. The Ministering Children's League Home was turned over to the Red Cross for the duration of the war and provided employment mainly to women. Cottesloe women could also join the Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS) which provided clerical services including wireless and teleprinter operators. The Australian army had requisitioned premises in Cottelsoe which required clerical services such as these.
Both men and women workers, in Cottesloe, benefitted from changes that occurred during the war years. In 1941 workers were granted one week's paid leave on full pay and two and half days sick leave, on full pay, with a medical certificate. These improvements, however, were not matched by a rise in the basic wage. The case for an increase was held over in the Arbitration Commission because of the war.
post-war years brought important changes in employment for people living in Cottelsoe. In March 1946, nearly 9 months after the end of the war, manpower controls were lifted. Many Cottesloe women who had been working in factories found themselves out of a job as men returned from the front and took up positions they had had before the war or they found that their job no longer existed. This was a welcome release for many women.
How did women feel about leaving their jobs at the end of World War II?
Read some
quotes from WA women
Employers were obliged to give first preference to ex-servicemen whom they had employed before the war, as well as to disabled ex-servicemen, before they could employ anyone else. When the Curtin government began its post war planning in 1942 it made a commitment that people who had served in the armed forces would be adequately compensated for their war service and preference in employment was part of this . The government's Reconstruction and Training Program came into force prior to the end of the war and offered many opportunities for education and training to both male and female ex-service personnel.
Many servicemen and women returned from overseas unable to take up work due to wounds or illness. Anyone with a highly contagious disease such as TB had to endure quarantine at a country location like Northam for a further 12 months before they could resume their former life. Some servicemen and women spent their convalescence at one of the local hospitals like the Lady Mitchell Convalescent Home or the John Nicholson Convalescent Home, which had been specifically established during the war for sick and injured members of the armed services.
Extract from statement by the Minister for Post-war Reconstruction
on the re-establishment of members of the forces.
By 1946 the basic wage had risen to five pound and 5 shillings, an increase of nearly 25%.This was a welcome increase for many men because the cost of living was rising, pushed up by shortages and high demand. Housing costs especially, were rising faster than the cost of living. The Federal Government had done a good job of keeping inflation under control during the war using price and wages control but these controls could not continue indefinitely. Apart from the basic wage, a worker in Cottesloe could also now enjoy two weeks annual paid leave, double what he might have expected in 1942. A further improvement came in 1948 when the 40 hour working week was introduced. Skilled tradesmen like Clyde Snook were no longer required to work on Saturdays as part of their regular hours. Men could now take on more paid overtime or a second job, thus increasing their incomes.
While the basic wage was still fairly low in the post war years, professionals such as doctors, lawyers, architects and dentists living or working in the Cottsloe area were paid well above the basic wage. Nurses at Devonleigh Hospital and teachers at the two local state schools, though professionally trained were not well paid. Skilled tradesmen building houses in Cottesloe or working on the extension of the sewer system were paid well above the basic wage. Shop assistants at Freecorns and Macallisters in Napoleon Street received an income just above the basic wage as did unskilled worke
what does the exclamation point and circle light mean on a ford focus?
no1sbz
Whats wrong with the car?
Answer
Hi cassie,
I wish you would have stated the year of your Focus.
It would have been easier for me to look up the Owners Manual and confirm the description of the light in question.
My guess is that you are talking about a Brake System Warning light.
According to the 2007 Focus manual ( I took a wild generic guess) the light that you have described shows on page 11
And this is what page 11 text says:
--- copy---
Brake system warning light: To
confirm the brake system warning
light is functional, it will
momentarily illuminate when the
ignition is turned to the ON position
when the engine is not running, or in a position between ON and START,
or by applying the parking brake when the ignition is turned to the ON
position. If the brake system warning light does not illuminate at this
time, seek service immediately from your authorized dealer. Illumination
after releasing the parking brake indicates low brake fluid level and the
brake system should be inspected immediately by your authorized dealer.
---end copy---
To confirm my suspicion, please see your manual
If you don't have a manual;
Ford has free download-able manuals online for all of their vehicles from (years)
1996-present
They are in pdf format so they are easy to save to your computer for future reference and print as/if needed.
No subscriptions, fees, personal info, nor registration is needed to use the Ford resource sites!
^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ Important for your privacy and security ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^
Ford/Motorcraft site:
http://www.motorcraftservice.com/vdirs/retail/default.asp?pageid=&gutsid=&kevin=rules
Just see to the tab on left that says "Owner Guides" and submit your vehicle Year/Model.
Or
You can also go to the Ford Owners website and do the same!
http://www.ford.com/ownership/
(Occasionally Ford servers go down and the sites are not available, but in that rare occurrence, if you get an error message, you can just try a little later.)
I hope this helps.
Hi cassie,
I wish you would have stated the year of your Focus.
It would have been easier for me to look up the Owners Manual and confirm the description of the light in question.
My guess is that you are talking about a Brake System Warning light.
According to the 2007 Focus manual ( I took a wild generic guess) the light that you have described shows on page 11
And this is what page 11 text says:
--- copy---
Brake system warning light: To
confirm the brake system warning
light is functional, it will
momentarily illuminate when the
ignition is turned to the ON position
when the engine is not running, or in a position between ON and START,
or by applying the parking brake when the ignition is turned to the ON
position. If the brake system warning light does not illuminate at this
time, seek service immediately from your authorized dealer. Illumination
after releasing the parking brake indicates low brake fluid level and the
brake system should be inspected immediately by your authorized dealer.
---end copy---
To confirm my suspicion, please see your manual
If you don't have a manual;
Ford has free download-able manuals online for all of their vehicles from (years)
1996-present
They are in pdf format so they are easy to save to your computer for future reference and print as/if needed.
No subscriptions, fees, personal info, nor registration is needed to use the Ford resource sites!
^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ Important for your privacy and security ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^
Ford/Motorcraft site:
http://www.motorcraftservice.com/vdirs/retail/default.asp?pageid=&gutsid=&kevin=rules
Just see to the tab on left that says "Owner Guides" and submit your vehicle Year/Model.
Or
You can also go to the Ford Owners website and do the same!
http://www.ford.com/ownership/
(Occasionally Ford servers go down and the sites are not available, but in that rare occurrence, if you get an error message, you can just try a little later.)
I hope this helps.
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